Sjogren syndrome (SjS) is a heterogeneous systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorder characterized by diverse immunologic responses to SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La antigens. (1) These immune reactivities have been implicated in the destruction of exocrine gland epithelium with demonstration of typical peri-epithelial lymphocytic infiltration, which can …4 min read. This test checks the amount of certain antibodies called immunoglobulins in your body. Antibodies are proteins that your immune cells make to fight off bacteria, viruses, and other...CVID-like laboratory findings are surprisingly common in our unselected study population. Any deviation of serum IgG from normal values can be harmful; both low and high serum IgG may indicate immunological insufficiency. Critical evaluation of clinical presentation must accompany immunological laboratory parameters.An immunoglobulins test usually measures three specific types of immunoglobulins. They are called igG, igM, and IgA. If your levels of igG, igM, or IgA are too low or too high, it …IgA nephropathy is a chronic kidney disease. It progresses over 10 to 20 years, and it can lead to end-stage renal disease. It is caused by deposits of the protein immunoglobulin A (IgA) inside the filters (glomeruli) in the kidney. These glomeruli normally filter waste and excess water from the blood and send them to the bladder as urine.We interact with other people every day—retailers, mail carriers, etc.—without establishing any kind of relationship. Sometimes, however, it's in our best interest to befriend the...Who loves wildly extensible browsers with animal names? Lifehacker readers, that's who! Who loves wildly extensible browsers with animal names? Lifehacker readers, that's who! Fire...Doctors measure the level of rheumatoid factor by performing a blood test. A positive rheumatoid factor test means that the level of rheumatoid factor in the patient’s blood is considered to be high. Rheumatoid factor was first described in connection to rheumatoid arthritis in 1940. For decades, a positive rheumatoid arthritis test was used ...Association between cardiovascular risk factors and serum immunoglobulin (g/L) levels. Top 3 plots depict association between BMI and serum IgA, IgG, and IgM respectively with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. The associations have been adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and hypertension.Never disregard or delay professional medical advice in person because of anything on HealthTap. Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency. my 3 year old immunoglobulin g qn serum level is high mg/dl 453-916 what does this mean?: IgG: It likely means nothing. Are they checking it for a possible immu. Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. Optimal Result: 586 - 1602 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), quantified in serum and expressed in quantitative terms, is a fundamental marker in immunology and a predominant antibody class in the body's immune response. Representing about 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG ... In normal serum, about 80% is IgG. Elevations of IgG may be due to polyclonal immunoglobulin production. Monoclonal elevations of IgG characterize multiple myeloma. Monoclonal gammopathies of all types may lead to a spike in the gamma globulin zone seen on serum protein electrophoresis. Decreased immunoglobulin levels are found in patients with ...Immunoglobulin M, Qn, Serum. Serum. Optimal Result: 26 - 217 mg/dL, or 0.26 - 2.17 g/L. Interpret your laboratory results now. Get Started. Immunoglobulin M (IgM), which is found mainly in the blood and lymph fluid, is the first antibody to be made by the body to fight a new infection. Expressed on the surface of B cells (monomer) and in a ...Elevated serum immunoglobulin G levels in patients with chronic liver disease in comparison to patients with autoimmune hepatitis - PMC. Journal List. Libyan …Very high levels of one or more classes of immunoglobulins can be found in children with various clinical conditions. Diagnostic protocols have been developed for defined forms of IgG, IgM or IgE hypergammaglobulinemia, which could be the expression of both chronic inflammatory disease and primary immunodeficiency syndromes.Immunobiology. People with HIGM have an inability to switch from the production of IgM antibodies to antibodies of the IgG, IgA, or IgE types. As a result, individuals with this disorder have absent or decreased levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE but normal or elevated levels of IgM in their blood. B cells, the cells that make antibodies, can produce ...This is your chance to book Singapore Airlines first class suites awards for travel in 2022 Singapore Airlines’ first-class suites are considered among the best luxury travel optio...Hi there, gorgeous! Have you achieved flawless Chok Chok with your skincare regimen? Can you navigate the world of serums, CC and BB creams with ease? If your K-beauty slang game i...The gamma globulin band as seen in conventional serum protein electrophoresis consists of 5 immunoglobulins. In normal serum, about 80% is IgG, 15% is IgA, 5% is IgM, 0.2% is IgD, and a trace is IgE. Elevations of IgG, IgA, and IgM may be due to polyclonal immunoglobulin production. Monoclonal gammopathies of all types may lead to a spike in ...This test measures the levels of the different antibodies (immunoglobulins) in the blood – IgA, IgE, IgG, and IgM – to see if any are abnormally high or low. In WM the level of IgM is high but the IgG level is often low. Electrophoresis. The abnormal immunoglobulin made in WM is an IgM antibody.Feb 29, 2024 · Here’s a look at immunoglobulin tests and what a low or high score could indicate. Reference ranges are based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Each laboratory establishes its own reference ... Never disregard or delay professional medical advice in person because of anything on HealthTap. Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency. my 3 year old immunoglobulin g qn serum level is high mg/dl 453-916 what does this mean?: IgG: It likely means nothing. Are they checking it for a possible immu.The measurement of immunoglobulin G can be a diagnostic tool for certain conditions, such as autoimmune hepatitis, if indicated by certain symptoms. Clinically, measured IgG …Healthcare providers use globulin blood tests to measure protein levels in your blood. Your liver makes globulin, a protein. High levels may indicate autoimmune disease, infections or cancer. A low globulin reading may be a sign of liver or kidney disease. A globulin test may be part of liver function tests or a metabolic panel.Low lgG can be caused by macroglobulinemia, also referred to as hyper-lgM syndromes. This is a condition where high levels of lgM interfere with the cells that produce lgG, preventing their growth. Other causes include nephritic syndrome, some types of leukemia and common variable immunodeficiency. Research has also noted several other possible ...IgA antibodies exist in 2 forms: secretory IgA that has a key role in mucosal protection against various pathogens and serum IgA that plays a role in phagocytosis. 1 Various immunoglobulin abnormalities have been reported among patients with SLE, which can be a result of a common etiology or develop secondary to SLE or its treatment.IgG: Positive CMV IgG results indicate past or recent CMV infection. These individuals may transmit CMV to susceptible individuals through blood and tissue products. Individuals with negative CMV IgG results are presumed to not have had prior exposure or infection with CMV and are, therefore, considered susceptible to primary infection.The positive predictive value of a high immunoglobulin G index when oligoclonal bands are positive was 99.4% (95% confidence interval 98.4–99.8%). ... (Albcsf/Albs). It is a quantitative analysis of the relationship between CSF IgG and serum IgG, divided by the same relationship for albumin. As albumin is a smaller protein than …Dec 15, 2007 · Serum IgA tTG levels typically decrease as patients maintain a glutenfree diet. Celiac disease (or celiac sprue) is an autoimmune disorder with a prevalence of approximately 0.5 to 1 percent in ... Your body makes several types of immunoglobulins or antibodies. They are called IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgE. IgG is found in your blood and tissue. IgM is mostly found in your blood. IgA is found at high levels in fluid your mucus membranes make, such as saliva, tears, and nasal secretions. IgE is mostly attached to immune system cells in your blood.The Best Specialty Hospitals and Surgery Centers In America, Adena Regional Medical Center for Maternity, AdventHealth Central Texas for Maternity Connect Physical Address Money Gr...The immunofixation blood test uses a process called electrophoresis to separate the proteins into subgroups. The subgroups are based on their size, shape, and electrical charge. Measuring the number of proteins in each subgroup can help check for different health conditions. The protein subgroups are: Albumin. Alpha-1 globulin. An IgG deficiency is a health problem in which your body doesn’t make enough immunoglobulin G (IgG). Normally, IgG is the most abundant antibody in the blood. It helps prevent infections. So, people with IgG deficiency are more likely to get infections. When your body feels it is under attack, it makes special proteins called immunoglobulins ... If your IgG blood test has high results: High results are seen with a number of different conditions. When an increase in just IgG is seen, then this is typically due to leukemia, multiple myeloma, or lymphoma. If all three immunoglobulins have high results, then this can be because of an infection, an autoimmune disorder, or inflammatory ...Patients with hyper-IgM syndrome exhibit elevated levels of IgM, the normal IgM in the serum of adults is between 37-286 mg/dl, while IgA, IgG, or IgE levels may be lower than normal or undetectable. Although IgM levels are typically elevated, IgM directed against peptide antigens is often compromised, as CD40L-CD40 productive interactions …Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is normally the most abundant antibody in the blood. Antibodies help fight infection. People with IgG deficiency are more likely to get infections. Although researchers don't know what causes primary IgG deficiency, genetics may play a role. When the symptoms come on later in life, the health problems may be more ...Feb 11, 2022 · Polyclonal gammopathy, also called hypergammaglobulinemia, happens when your immune system makes too many immunoglobulins (antibodies). These extra antibodies show that your immune system is working too hard. Your healthcare provider treats the condition that’s causing your immune system to produce too many antibodies. Medically Reviewed. In normal serum, about 80% is immunoglobulin G (IgG), 15% is immunoglobulin A (IgA), 5% is immunoglobulin M (IgM), 0.2% is immunoglobulin D (IgD), and a trace is immunoglobulin E (IgE). What does a high immunoglobulin G QN serum mean? High levels of IgG may mean a long-term (chronic) infection, such as HIV, is present. Levels of IgG also get ...Biopsies may be avoided in children with high immunoglobulin A tissue transglutaminase (i.e., 10 times the upper limit of normal or more) and a positive test for immunoglobulin A endomysial ... Immunoglobulin G (IgG), quantified in serum and expressed in quantitative terms, is a fundamental marker in immunology and a predominant antibody class in the body's immune response. Representing about 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG plays a critical role in identifying and neutralizing foreign pathogens like bacteria and viruses . Additional Information. IgG index, synthesis rate, and oligoclonal bands have shown sensitivity at the 80% to 90% level but are not uniformly specific. CSF IgG may be increased, generally with inflammatory disorders of the CNS (eg, idiopathic polyneuropathy, neurosyphilis). Rents in the interface between blood and CSF will allow increase in CSF ...3.1. Serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) Age-related changes in the serum IgG, IgA, and IgM (the 5%, 50%, 95% percentile ranges) are shown in Figure 1. According to age groups, the serum IgG levels were found to be high in the newborn period (0–30 days) due to maternal IgG.Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency. hi i had bloodwork and im confused with an abnormal result. my immunoglobulin a, qn serum was high. supposed to be 87-352 and mine was 524. ?: Maybe nothing: The level at less than 2X upper normal might be associa.Normal serum levels — IgA is the second most abundant isotype in the circulation, following immunoglobulin G (IgG) . IgA levels, generally absent at birth, gradually increase throughout the first year of life to approximately 30 percent of adult levels at one year. Adult levels of IgA are reached in adolescence .Results. The serum IgG levels were high during the newborn period, decreased until the sixth month, and again increased to a maximum level at the age of 18 …High Immunoglobulin M. There are two types of IgM antibodies: natural and immune [1, 3]. The body produces immune IgM antibodies in response to intruders (antigens). That is why IgM levels …Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. Optimal Result: 586 - 1602 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), quantified in serum and expressed in quantitative terms, is a fundamental marker in immunology and a predominant antibody class in the body's immune response. Representing about 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG ...Serum IgA tTG levels typically decrease as patients maintain a glutenfree diet. Celiac disease (or celiac sprue) is an autoimmune disorder with a prevalence of approximately 0.5 to 1 percent in ...Hepatitis C virus and alcohol are linked to a selective increase of serum IgG and IgA, respectively, even in cases with mild or minimal liver disease. ... Serum immunoglobulin concentrations are commonly elevated in patients with liver cirrhosis. Immunoglobulin class increase may vary depending on the cause of liver disease. Hepatitis C virus ...Heavy drinkers with metabolic syndrome showed particularly high serum IgA levels. Serum IL-6 levels were correlated positively with IgA and IgG concentrations. It is concluded that sex, age, alcohol consumption, smoking and common metabolic abnormalities should be taken into account when interpreting serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM.Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. Optimal Result: 586 - 1602 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), quantified in serum and expressed in quantitative terms, is a fundamental marker in immunology and a predominant antibody class in the body's immune response. Representing about 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG ...IgG, Subclass 3. Optimal Result: 15 - 102 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. There are five classes of antibodies (immunoglobulins) that help the body fight infection: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. Immunoglobulins make up the antibodies that fight infection. Most of the antibodies in the blood and other fluids that surround the body ...Serums can be a great addition to any skin care routine, if you're looking for a healthy way to decrease the signs of lines or wrinkles. We picked 10 products that suit many skin t...Learn about immunoglobulins, also called antibodies, and how they help your body fight infections and diseases. Find out what immunoglobulin tests measure, …IgA antibodies exist in 2 forms: secretory IgA that has a key role in mucosal protection against various pathogens and serum IgA that plays a role in phagocytosis. 1 Various immunoglobulin abnormalities have been reported among patients with SLE, which can be a result of a common etiology or develop secondary to SLE or its treatment. The gamma globulin band as seen in conventional serum protein electrophoresis consists of 5 immunoglobulins. In normal serum, about 5% is IgM. Elevations of IgM may be due to polyclonal immunoglobulin production. Monoclonal elevations of IgM occur in macroglobulinemia. Monoclonal gammopathies of all types may lead to a spike in the gamma ... Therefore, Lo and colleagues conducted a retrospective study, identifying all patients who had IgG measurements of 2,000 mg/dL or higher between January 2000 and December 2009 at Boston Children's ...In the elevated IgG4 group, symptoms were controllable with a small dose of antithyroidal drug (ATD; n=4), a combination treatment with ATD and L-T4 (n=1), or L-T4 administration only one year after the first visit (n=2). Conclusions: A small portion of GD patients harbored elevated serum IgG4 levels. They were older, had increased hypoechoic ... The gamma globulin band as seen in conventional serum protein electrophoresis consists of 5 immunoglobulins. In normal serum, about 80% is IgG, 15% is IgA, 5% is IgM, 0.2% is IgD, and a trace is IgE. Elevations of IgG, IgA, and IgM may be due to polyclonal immunoglobulin production. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the largest of several isotypes of antibodies (also known as immunoglobulin) that are produced by vertebrates.IgM is the first antibody to appear in the response to initial exposure to an antigen; causing it to also be called an acute phase antibody. In humans and other mammals that have been studied, plasmablasts in the …IgG, Subclass 2. Optimal Result: 130 - 555 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Get Started. The main immunoglobulin (Ig) in human blood is IgG. This is the second most abundant circulating protein and contains long-term protective antibodies against many infectious agents. IgG is a combination of four slightly different types of IgG ...Do you know what you’re putting on your skin? If not, you can use this product search engine to decode what’s in your lotions, face serums and makeup. Do you know what you’re putti...IgA antibodies exist in 2 forms: secretory IgA that has a key role in mucosal protection against various pathogens and serum IgA that plays a role in phagocytosis. 1 Various immunoglobulin abnormalities have been reported among patients with SLE, which can be a result of a common etiology or develop secondary to SLE or its treatment.Individuals with immunoglobulin G deficiency (IgGsd) often complain of fatigue. The correlation between systemic inflammation and fatigue is unknown. In this study perceived quality of life (QoL) and fatigue in individuals with IgGsd, on and off immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) were correlated to inflammatory markers in plasma to ...Learn about immunoglobulins, also called antibodies, and how they help your body fight infections and diseases. Find out what immunoglobulin tests measure, …Serum progesterone is a test to measure the amount of progesterone in the blood. Progesterone is a hormone produced mainly in the ovaries. Serum progesterone is a test to measure t...Last modified on Nov 09, 2021. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM Blood Test) Also Known As: Total Immunoglobulins, Immunoglobulin A, IgA, Immunoglobulin G, IgG, Immunoglobulin …The immunofixation blood test uses a process called electrophoresis to separate the proteins into subgroups. The subgroups are based on their size, shape, and electrical charge. Measuring the number of proteins in each subgroup can help check for different health conditions. The protein subgroups are: Albumin. Alpha-1 globulin.When deficiency of a single IgG subclass occurs (often IgG2), the patient may have a normal total IgG concentration and a defect in the production of specific immunoglobulins in response to immunization. The patient may be asymptomatic between episodes of acute infection, although even minor reductions in the total serum …Healthcare providers use globulin blood tests to measure protein levels in your blood. Your liver makes globulin, a protein. High levels may indicate autoimmune disease, infections or cancer. A low globulin reading may be a sign of liver or kidney disease. A globulin test may be part of liver function tests or a metabolic panel.tTG, IgA <1 range of 0-3. tTG, IgG 1 range of 0-5. Endomysial Antibody IgA NEGATIVE. Immunoglobulin A, Qn, Serum 48 range of 34 - 305. Some blogs I read indicate if that last item has a very low value, that he may have such a suppressed immune system that he would not be able to produce the anitbodies in ranges that would indicate …Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is an antibody blood protein that’s part of your immune system. Your body makes IgA and other type of antibodies to help fight off sickness. Having an IgA deficiency means that you have low levels of or no IgA in your blood. IgA is found in mucous membranes, mainly in the respiratory and digestive tracts.Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by interface hepatitis, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, circulating autoantibodies, and elevated predominantly immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The goal in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is complete disease remission.Albumin is a protein made by the liver. A serum albumin test measures the amount of this protein in the clear liquid portion of the blood. Albumin is a protein made by the liver. A...IgA nephropathy is a chronic kidney disease. It progresses over 10 to 20 years, and it can lead to end-stage renal disease. It is caused by deposits of the protein immunoglobulin A (IgA) inside the filters (glomeruli) in the kidney. These glomeruli normally filter waste and excess water from the blood and send them to the bladder as urine.Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by interface hepatitis, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, circulating autoantibodies, and elevated predominantly immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The goal in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is complete disease remission.Common infections associated with hypogammaglobulinemia (and commonly associated symptoms) include: Ear infections (ear pain, scarred eardrum, fever). Sinus infections (runny or stuffy nose, fatigue, fever). Bronchitis (persistent cough, shortness of breath, fever). Pneumonia (congestion or chest pain, shortness of breath, fever).Diagnostics & Testing / Globulin Blood Test. Healthcare providers use globulin blood tests to measure protein levels in your blood. Your liver makes globulin, a …Feb 29, 2024 · Here’s a look at immunoglobulin tests and what a low or high score could indicate. Reference ranges are based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Each laboratory establishes its own reference ... Hypergammaglobulinemia (polyclonal gammopathy)' refers to the overproduction of more than one class of immunoglobulins by plasma cells. It is most commonly associated with liver disease, acute or chronic …IgG stands for immunoglobulin G. It is a type of antibody. Antibodies are proteins that your immune system makes to fight germs. A CSF IgG index measures the levels of IgG in your cerebrospinal fluid. Normally you have a tiny amount of IgG in your cerebrospinal fluid. High levels of IgG may mean you have an infection or an inflammatory or ...An immunoglobulins test usually measures three specific types of immunoglobulins. They are called igG, igM, and IgA. If your levels of igG, igM, or IgA are too low or too high, it may be a sign of a serious health problem.”. Read more from MedLinePlus by clicking here. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection. While that sounds …
An IgG deficiency is a health problem in which your body doesn’t make enough immunoglobulin G (IgG). Normally, IgG is the most abundant antibody in the blood. It helps prevent infections. So, people with IgG deficiency are more likely to get infections. When your body feels it is under attack, it makes special proteins called immunoglobulins ... . Mcdow funeral home va
Request an Appointment. 410-955-5000 Maryland. 855-695-4872 Outside of Maryland. +1-410-502-7683 International. Find a Doctor. An IgG deficiency is a health problem in which your body doesn’t make enough Immunoglobulin G (IgG). People with IgG deficiency are more likely to get infections. They found that 15.3% of the MS patients had lower-than-normal (less than 700 mg/dL) levels of a type of antibody called immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most common type of antibody the body produces ...The kinetics of anti-RBD IgA, IgM, and IgG levels in sera of COVID-19 patients at different time windows was analyzed ( e ). The median values of RLU were plotted for each isotype of three ...Doctors measure the level of rheumatoid factor by performing a blood test. A positive rheumatoid factor test means that the level of rheumatoid factor in the patient’s blood is considered to be high. Rheumatoid factor was first described in connection to rheumatoid arthritis in 1940. For decades, a positive rheumatoid arthritis test was used ...Summary. An IgG blood test is used to diagnose herpes simplex virus infection. It detects the antibodies your body produces to fight against the virus. It can take three to six weeks from the initial infection before enough IgG is produced to be detected. Test results are ready within two to five working days.Each plasma cell produces one of five types of antibodies: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE or IgD, and either kappa or lambda. Myeloma cells produce many copies of its anibody. The most common type of myeloma is IgG kappa, occurring in approximately 52 % of patients. The next most common type is light chain myeloma in which no intact immunoglobulin is produced.Website Terms & Conditions; Privacy & Cookies; Contact BMJ; Cookie Settings. Online ISSN: 1468-2060 Print ISSN: 0003-4967 © European Alliance of Associations for ...Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum. Optimal Result: 586 - 1602 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), quantified in serum and expressed in quantitative terms, is a fundamental marker in immunology and a predominant antibody class in the body's immune response. Representing about 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG ...The five possible types of immunoglobulin (abbreviated "Ig") are heavy chains: IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgM. The possible types of light chains are either kappa (κ) or lambda (λ). Myeloma cells make immunoglobulins. These immunoglobulins are made up of only one type of heavy chain (G, A, D, E, or M) and one type of light chain (kappa or lambda).The most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in human serum is IgG. IgG immunoglobulins are comprised of 4 subclasses designated IgG1 through IgG4. Of total IgG, approximately 65% is IgG1, 25% is IgG2, 6% is IgG3, and 4% is IgG4. Each IgG subclass contains structurally unique portions of the constant region of the gamma heavy chain.Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is an antibody blood protein that’s part of your immune system. Your body makes IgA and other type of antibodies to help fight off sickness. Having an IgA deficiency means that you have low levels of or no IgA in your blood. IgA is found in mucous membranes, mainly in the respiratory and digestive tracts.IgG, Subclass 3. Optimal Result: 15 - 102 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. There are five classes of antibodies (immunoglobulins) that help the body fight infection: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. Immunoglobulins make up the antibodies that fight infection. Most of the antibodies in the blood and other fluids that surround the body ...The gamma globulin band as seen in conventional serum protein electrophoresis consists of 5 immunoglobulins. In normal serum, about 5% is IgM. Elevations of IgM may be due to polyclonal immunoglobulin production. Monoclonal elevations of IgM occur in macroglobulinemia. Monoclonal gammopathies of all types may lead to a spike in the gamma ...IgG, Subclass 2. Optimal Result: 130 - 555 mg/dL. Interpret your laboratory results now. Get Started. The main immunoglobulin (Ig) in human blood is IgG. This is the second most abundant circulating protein and contains long-term protective antibodies against many infectious agents. IgG is a combination of four slightly different types of IgG ....